Incas vs Aztecs

Incas versus Aztecs Prior to Cortez arriving, there were numerous civic establishments that held force in the Americas. These gatherings incorporated the Olmecs, Zapotecs, Mayans, Toltecs, Aztecs, and Incas. The two of these civic establishments that had probably the most enduring impacts were the Aztecs and the Incas. These two human advancements had numerous similitudes and contrasts. One of the significant contrasts between the two human advancements is their area. The Aztecs lived in Central Mexico while the Incas lived in the Andes Mountains. The area of the human advancements influenced a significant number of their traditions. The Incans preserved their dead by leaving them on a mountain bluff side where the breezes would dry the dampness out of their skin. At that point they would take the mummies to huge occasions and heft them around. The Aztecs didn't embalm their dead or have any traditions like this. Since the Aztecs lived in Mexico which is a genuinely dry territory, they required an approach to flood crops. They fabricated chinampas which were gliding ranches that were constantly flooded by the waterway it was drifting in. The Incas utilized a type of agribusiness called porch farming were they would incorporate level layers with the incline of a mountain out of explicit materials so they could develop food on mountain sides. That was another strategy they shaped due to where they lived. Another contrast between the two human advancements was the size. The Inca human advancement secured over half of the East bank of South America and had a populace of around 20 million individuals. The Aztec human advancement just controlled Central Mexico and just had a populace of 15 million individuals. Since the Inca development was so huge, they required an approach to get messages around. They built up a huge informing framework with emissaries called chasquis that utilized an approach to get messages around called quipu. The Aztecs didn't have anything like this. Inca was so enormous in light of the fact that it vanquished numerous different human advancements that had their own dialects. This made it hard for certain individuals to see one another. That’s why they built up a bound together language considered Quechua that everybody needed to learn. The Aztec human advancement was increasingly similar to the Persian Empire and permitted anyplace they vanquished to remain the equivalent and keep their language as long as they made good on their assessments and acknowledged that the Aztecs’ rule. Another distinction is the discipline that a town would get for resisting the Incan or Aztec human progress. The Aztecs would go into the town and set it ablaze. They would take everybody inside and either execute them or subjugate them. The Incans would go into the town and move them. In Inca this is similarly as awful as slaughtering them in light of the fact that the human advancement is in the mountains and it is difficult to begin living in the mountains with nothing to begin with. In the event that they attempt to return to their town they for the most part need to cross numerous mountains which was additionally troublesome. Something different that was various was the dealer class of the realms. While the two of them had great economies, the Incas didn't have an enormous vendor class and the shipper class they had just exchanged locally. The Aztecs had an enormous trader class that would take exceptionally long excursions to removed terrains. The Inca government controlled all significant distance exchanging and they didn't permit the traders to have a ton of opportunity. Likewise, the Incas didn't have a cash framework while the Aztecs utilized cocoa. The two human advancements additionally framed in an unexpected way. The Aztecs began from three huge urban areas framing a partnership and together they vanquished land and individuals to set up their ground-breaking human advancement. The Incans began as a traveling family or faction that settled down and began an exchanging province. At that point an ever increasing number of individuals came and it in the long run transformed into a human advancement. Those were the numerous contrasts between the Aztec and Inca human advancements. The Aztec and Incan human advancements additionally had numerous similitudes. One of the significant similitudes was that the two of them thrived at about a similar time. The Aztecs thrived from 1300 A. D. to 1521 A. D. The Inca thrived from 1300 A. D. to 1533 A. D. Another likeness is that they were both managed by a ruler. They additionally both idea gold was significant. Incas utilized gold for everything since it was so basic in the mountains. Aztecs considered gold the perspiration of the sun and their sun god was their most impressive god so they more likely than not suspected gold was significant. They were additionally both monotheistic, revering numerous nature divine beings and goddesses. They additionally both idea their sun divine beings were significant. The Aztec sun god was named Huitzilopochtli and the Inca sun god was Inti. Inti was the most impressive god in Incan religion. It was imagined that the individuals in the initially family that began the Inca development were offspring of Inti and they said every future ruler must be a relative of Inti. Huitzilopochtli in the Aztec religion was the god that apparently advised the Mexica to discover a spot where they would see a hawk sitting on a prickly plant with a snake in its mouth and that was the place they were to settle. This spot was Lake Texcoco. Both of these divine beings were critical to them. Another strict comparability was that the two of them perform conciliatory ceremonies. They additionally had a similar style pyramids that had a wide square base that lead to a point at the top with steps going up the side. Those were the likenesses between the Aztec and Inca human advancements. The Aztec and Inca human advancements are still the absolute most impressive civic establishments that have ever existed. They hugy affected the nations that exist there today. The Mexican banner is even based off an Aztec fantasy. They had numerous likenesses and contrasts which made them the developments that they were.

Abortion is a Constitutional Issue :: Free Abortion Essays

Numerous individuals accept fetus removal is an ethical issue, however it is likewise an established issue. It is a lady's entitlement to pick what she does with her body, and it ought not be modified or impacted by any other individual. This privilege is ensured by the ninth correction, which contains the privilege to protection. The ninth correction expresses: The count in the Constitution, of specific rights, will not be understood to deny or defame others held by the individuals. This correct ensures the privilege to ladies, on the off chance that they so decide to have a premature birth, up to the finish of the primary trimester. Notwithstanding the reality of ethics, a lady has the option to security and decision to prematurely end her baby. The individuals that hold a professional life see contend that a lady who has a premature birth is murdering a kid. The master decision viewpoint holds this isn't the situation. Before the 1973 milestone Supreme Court controlling in Roe v. Pay, whereby fetus removal was viably authorized, ladies kicked the bucket by the thousands on account of back-rear entryway butchers. Since Roe, under 1 lady in 100,000 will bite the dust from a premature birth. Actually, the methodology brings about less passings than labor or even a dose of penicillin. In spite of the official legitimateness of the methodology, it is still to a great extent enduring an onslaught by rivals. The battle is a long way from being done, and is significant that any individual who champions a lady's entitlement to pick comprehend the progressing dangers premature birth faces. The New Civil War offers an unmistakable, convincing clarification of the issues encompassing the strategy and the manners by which antiabortion activists endeavor to condemn it. Partitioned into five sections, The New Civil War doesn't leave one stone unturned. This assortment of expositions is elegantly composed, brief, and succinct. For sure, such a book is a fundamental asset for anybody intrigued in the premature birth banter, yet in addition in the general male centric structures that make and keep up ladies' subjection. Part I is entitled The Sociopolitical Context of Abortion. The principal part in this area audits premature birth's status in the courts since Roe. Wilcox, Robbernnolt, and O'Keefe feature the need for therapists to stay vocal in the discussion, fundamentally by giving examination supporting the discoveries that fetus removal doesn't advance sick impacts in those ladies who have them. Antiabortionists proceed effectively to push forward enactment intended to keep ladies from persistently ending their pregnancies.

Candid Portraits or Ghostwritten Fluff The History of Celebrity Books

Candid Portraits or Ghostwritten Fluff The History of Celebrity Books Starsâ€"they’re just like us! So of course we would want to read a book written by our favorite celebrity if they decided to publish one, right? Even with the ones that we’ve read with winces and grimaces, the ones that have been published to mixed reviews, telling actors or media personalities to stick to what they knowâ€"we can’t help it when that star we love comes out with a book. It could be a memoir, an essay collection, a cookbook, a book of poetry, or a self-help bookâ€"it doesn’t matter. If we love the person who wrote it, chances are the bookworm probably won’t be far away. However, sometimes we get so distracted by the stars in our eyes that we fail to realize the moments when celebrity culture clashes with realityâ€"a reality that sometimes takes away opportunities from working authors. But first, where did this whole idea of the “celebrity book” come from? Persons of Interest: A Brief History of Memoirs, Autobiographies, and Celebrities Memoirs by celebrities are a hugely bankable opportunity for publishers, but that’s nothing new. The memoir dates back to as early as 58 BCE, with the publication of Roman dictator Julius Caesar’s memoirs Commentarii de Bello Gallico and Commentarii de Bello Civili. The first widely recognized Western autobiography is Confessions, a series of 13 books written in Latin by Saint Augustine of Hippo, a Roman African theologian and philosopher, between 397 and 400 CE. It then served as an influential model of the form for Christian authors throughout the Middle Ages, who followed suit with their own autobiographies in the centuries to come. At one point or another, you may have found yourself wondering…what exactly is the difference between a memoir and an autobiography? In a nutshell, the autobiography is seen as the story of a life, whereas the memoir is considered stories from a life. From the 15th through the 18th centuries, the most popular memoirs and autobiographies were written by politicians, many of whom found significant literary success. Until the 20th century, the most popular memoirs and autobiographies were those written by people who were already well respected in their fields and professions, such as businessmen and military leaders. A notable exception to this rule was Henry David Thoreau, who was not particularly well known in any specific fields or professions prior to the publication of his 1854 memoir Walden, which reflects upon ideas of simple living in natural surroundings. In other words, Thoreau was probably the first non-celebrity or “everyday person” to achieve fame with a memoir. With the invention and advent of the film industry in the early 20th century, more and more people started to be considered persons of interest: actors, directors, producers, singers, dancers, and everyone in between. By the mid-20th century, with the addition of television to the mix, memoirs and autobiographies by actors and media personalities who had found success in film, television, or other forms of popular culture started to become increasingly commonplace. Since the 1990s, there has been an increased interest and a growing market for books written by celebrities, as that decade is generally regarded as the start of the “stars are just like us” era. Tabloid gossip programs like Entertainment Tonight and Access Hollywood were booming. The initial popularity of Friends forged the idea that the characters that actors play onscreen are just like them in real-life, which is compelling. Before we knew it, the 21st century had hit and with it came the advent of inexpensive digital book production, and the memoir genre was among those to explode. Memoirs by everyday people were seeing newfound popularity, but it was nothing in comparison to books written by celebrities. By the 2010s, if you were a person of interest and hadn’t written down your witty coming-of-age story to accompany your success, were you even famous? As Vogue  recently put it, “At their best, celebrity memoirs provide unusually candid portraits of the ‘real person’ behind the public personaâ€"and don’t skimp on the dirty details. At worst, they can be ghostwritten fluff.” It goes without saying that just because you are a celebrity, it does not mean you are the next Charles Dickens: memoirs and autobiographies by celebrities are obviously commissioned with the idea of profit in mind, since books written by big names will clearly sell books. Celebrities can sell books, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they are always able to write them. Some decades ago, the term “ghostwriter” was considered a dirty word that no one should dare say out loud, but today, ghostwriters don’t tend to be as secretive. “Say 10 years ago, ghostwriting definitely had a sort of dirty name, the same way as online dating had a dirty name,” Madeleine Morel, a literary agent for ghostwriters, told NPR in 2014. “So if you were a ghostwriter you’d maybe tell your best friend on pain of death never to tell anyone else ‘cause there was a slightly ignominious feature to it.” But now, Morel says those days are long goneâ€"authors and publishers tend to be more upfront about ghostwriting and less willing to hide it. “In fact, it has become a very significant subgenre in publishing,” she says. “I mean, publishing is absolutely dependent on ghostwriters. I’ve had some authors who basically never even read their books.” Publishers today are indeed less secretive and more upfront about ghostwriting, and it’s even evident on shelves today. The cover of Falling With Wings: A Mother’s Storyâ€"the 2018 memoir by Demi Lovato’s mother, Dianna De Le Garzaâ€"has the name of the writer who helped create the book on its cover, Vicki McIntyre, albeit in noticeably smaller print. The same goes for Lorilee Craker, who helped create Through the Storm: A Real Story of Fame and Family in a Tabloid World, the 2008 memoir by Lynne Spears, mother of Britney. Their names might be smaller and the credit they receive is slim, but at least they’re getting some credit. Twenty years ago, they would have received nothing but a paycheck and sworn to secrecy. Today, memoirs by our favorite celebrities can be some of the warmest and funniest books you will ever read. Titles like Tina Fey’s Bossypants, Amy Poehler’s Yes Please, Anna Kendrick’s Scrappy Little Nobody, Amy Schumer’s The Girl With the Lower Back Tattoo, or Mindy Kaling’s Why Not Me? are some of the most beloved books of the last decade. Yes, sometimes the authors might need the help of a professional writer to help them say what they want to say, and yes, most celebrity memoirs are crafted with the primary goal of selling books. But often times these persons of interest do have a lot of wisdom and no-nonsense advice to share with the people who’ve helped them get to where they are, their fans, so once againâ€"how can we resist? When Celebrity Culture and Reality Clash As much as memoirs and autobiographies by celebrities are hugely bankable opportunities, so are cookbooks, self-help books, and literally any other kind of book that a celebrity feels like putting their name on. Depending on how large their platform is, celebrities are influential. So when a person who is followed by half the living world on Instagram decides to put out a book, it means people are going to buy itâ€"even if what’s inside the book is questionable. Youre telling me that you wouldnt buy a cookbook with eye candy like this in it? You are LYING! With a largely influential series like Queer Eye, for example, we might not even consider ourselves cooks or even be interested in becoming one, but when food and wine expert Antoni Porowski publishes a cookbook, we will probably stop and flip through it at the bookstore. Even if we have no intention of taking up cooking, Queer Eye’s empowering message that anyone can reinvent themselves sells the idea that maybe we will take up cookingâ€"buying Antoni’s book might motivate us! It’s capitalism at its finest and we’re all guilty of it, myself included. I’d be telling a very big lie if I told you I bought Olympic diver Tom Daley’s two books of recipes and wellness tips  (Tom’s Daily Plan and Tom’s Daily Goals) because I was interested in recipes and wellness tips. I bought them because I’m in love with Tom Daley and maybe some dreamy pictures of him will motivate me to start being interested in cooking and health. Another key player in the rise of this phenomenon is Gwyneth Paltrow who, after founding her natural health company Goop in 2008, has published a series of cookbooks, all of which have been bestsellers. An Academy Awardâ€"winning actress and mother who suddenly started passing out recipes and health tips helped forge a whole new market for celebrity cookbooks and health manuals, despite the fact that they tend to be untrustworthyâ€"an elimination diet promoted in one of Paltrow’s cookbooks was deemed wildly unsupported by medical evidence in 2015. That same year, health science expert Timothy Caulfield published the book Is Gwyneth Paltrow Wrong About Everything?: When Celebrity Culture and Science Clash, which debunks a lot of health tips, diets, and beauty routines that celebrities claim are the answer to all of our problems when in fact a lot of them are unsupported or disprovenâ€"we just listened to them because it’s Gwyneth Paltrow. Celebrities haven’t just dipped their toes into memoirs and cookbooks, either. Several well-known actors have tried their hands at writing full-blown novels of fiction and books of poetry over the years, such as Bob Dylan, Tom Hanks, Sean Penn, and James Franco. Some receive positive reviewsâ€"USA Today wrote that Tom Hanks’s short story collection Uncommon Type “packs a punch” and said that Hanks proves himself as a “serious scribe”â€"whereas books by James Franco or Sean Penn have tended to receive more mixed and critical reviews: The Washington Post called Penn’s novel of political satire Bob Honey Who Just Do Stuff a “fever dream of a boomer who watches the news, cannot make sense of it, but cannot contain his fury at it anyhow,” and The Los Angeles Times wrote in their review of Franco’s Actors Anonymous that he “won’t be a good writerâ€"or a great artist, if that’s his goalâ€"until he learns how to edit, censor, politely decline and bite his tongue.” In conclusion, maybe we stop giving rich white men book deals just because they’re household names? Even Lauren Graham, beloved star of Gilmore Girls and Parenthood, decided to show the world what she could do with words with her novel, Someday, Someday, Maybe, published in 2013. The Washington Post was more positive in their review, writing that Graham has “taken elements of the familiar and spun them into a novel that’s heartfelt, hilarious and, hopefully, just the first example of what she can do with the written word.” (She published a memoir three years later in 2016, Talking As Fast As I Can.) But, similar to the criticized works of white male actors who have attempted literary greatness, Someday, Someday, Maybe has a noticeably low average rating score on Goodreadsâ€"a 3.5â€"with the general consensus being that while most higher reviews come from diehard fans of Lauren Graham, lower reviews tend to state that Graham, like her peers who have also published fiction, should stick to what they know. Do Celebrity Books Make It Harder for Other Books to Get Published? Depending on who you ask, the answer is yes. British children’s book author and illustrator Chris Priestley told The Guardian in 2017 that it’s a “tricky time in publishing at the moment,” saying that he’s met a lot of writers who have had harder times getting book deals than they did a decade agoâ€"and he thinks the popularity and dependability of celebrity books is partially to blame. “It seems as though if you’re a celebrity you can just express the idea you would like to do a book,” he said. “I still have to pitch my books.” As a children’s book author, he said it becomes an increasingly competitive market when celebrities have also published books for children, with everyone from Barack Obama to Kelly Clarkson, and publishers become less willing to invest in smaller names. CJ Daugherty, who writes thrillers for young adults, claims that celebrity books that are ghostwritten undermine readers’ trust and takes away from writers who put their blood, sweat, a nd tears into their work. “We can tell ourselves that readers must know a C-List celebrity, famous for opening makeup boxes on YouTube, isn’t capable of writing an 80,000-word novel,” she said. “But the whole system seems designed to fool people into thinking they are.” As a result of the accelerated market for celebrity books over the last few decades, The Guardian found that the income of working authors has steadily declined. Some might say that these authors just have to work harder, but that’s far from the case when publishers are more interested in the celebrity’s name rather than what’s actually written. Maybe it just means that we as readers have to work harder at supporting lesser known authors who work tirelessly to get their work read and recognized, something that celebrities don’t always have to worry about. Celebrity books can be greatâ€"and they can be awful. So maybe we just have to be more mindful about which books we spend our money on so that all writers can flourish. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles.

Gay Marriage Should Be Legal - 867 Words

Since gay marriage has been legalized in a handful of states, there have been more than 71,165 marriages (12 Reasons Why Marriage Equality Matters). However, there are hundreds happy couples that would like to be married all over the country. The real question is why does gay marriage matter to someone who is not gay? Does it make people question their own sexuality or go against religion? The LGBT community has rights just like everyone else, and a love that is true just an opposite-sex couples. There are 37 states out of the 50, which is over half, that gay marriage has been legalized in (Gay Marriage ProCon.org.). Gay marriage should widely be accepted by all the states and society. Homosexuals have rights just as everyone else does. To deny them these rights, it can be named unconstitutional. It is another way of discriminating on a select group of people. Some people are just not ready for a change, but this is a much needed change. Same-sex couples are basically being labeled u nworthy of the sacred ceremony of marriage. What makes them so unworthy? The fact that they are of the same gender? There is no such thing as a â€Å"traditional marriage† only being between a male and female. Marriage is a right that was given to every human, so do not deny it for some. There are many benefits that come with being married. These benefits include hospital visitation during sickness, joint filing of tax returns, family health coverage, and inheritance rights (12 Reasons Why MarriageShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legal1205 Words   |  5 PagesHoward Sociology 1301-93431 Gay Marriage Getting married is something that most people do when they find love, which it is an important event in their life. The GLBT (gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender) community now get the legal right of same-sex marriage, which they have fought for throughout the years; on the other hand, some opponents of same-sex marriage have called for a constitutional change towards it. Although there were some countries that allowed gay marriage before the United StatesRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1159 Words   |  5 PagesAmendment, which puts a ban on gay marriage. This amendment entitles to equal rights to the gay community, ending toleration of discrimination in jobs, rights protecting gays from hate crimes,rights allowing advancement in government. However, the concept of gay marriage is still not considered a right the American people should extend to homosexuals. II. The vast majority of opponents believe marriage should be between one woman and one man, meaning marriage should be between members of the oppositeRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1574 Words   |  7 Pagesequal rights. Gays and lesbians are consistently denied rights that are typically taken for granted by the average American. Specifically, gay and lesbian couples are denied the right to marry even if they are outstanding citizens. They are held at an unfair disadvantage solely because of their sexual orientation. This discrimination must stop, because gay and lesbian couples are law-abiding citizens too, who should be afforded the same rights as heterosexual couples. Marriage is about love andRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1564 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is marriage? Recently, people argue with respect to the definition of marriage. What happened to marriage? To get married is a very important event for almost everyone. Especially for women, marriage and giv ing a birth could be the two biggest events of their lives. Many people believe that getting married to the one whom he or she loves is natural. However, what do you think if you cannot get married to him or her because it is socially unacceptable? 100 years ago different colored peopleRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legal?778 Words   |  3 PagesShould Gay Marriage Be Legal? â€Å"†¦I now pronounce you husband and wife†¦Ã¢â‚¬  One would normally hear this when attending a wedding. In tradition marriage has been between one male and one female who love each other. But how would one feel if they heard â€Å"I now pronounce you groom and groom† or how about â€Å"†¦bride and bride...†? In the last 50 years the number of same-sex couples has increased. The on-going argument between the government and the people is â€Å"Should gay marriage be legal?† Although some sayRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1126 Words   |  5 PagesJune 26, 2015 for gay marriage to be legal in all fifty states, thirty seven out of the fifty and Washington D.C already legalized gay marriage. Many support gay marriage and many do not, with widespread values and reasons for and against it. Due to religion and rights people across the nation have differing views and opinions of it.In a five to four vote in the Supreme Court gay marriage becam e legalized in all fifty states. Shortly after that a few marriage officiators and marriage licenses peopleRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1179 Words   |  5 PagesGAY MARRIAGES Some states such as Iowa legalized gay marriage through the action of judicial interpretation based on the state’s constitutional stipulations while other states such as Vermont legalized gay marriage through legislation initiatives. These cases demonstrate the government is the sole body that can dictate the validity of whatever is to be regarded as a marriage, and in this case gay marriage. The power to validate marriage is still observed among the private citizens, religious institutionsRead MoreThe Gay Marriage Should Be Legal947 Words   |  4 PagesDefending Gay Marriage During the last few years, homosexuality has become an important issue for debate. Moreover, homosexuals have taken their case further by claiming their right to marry. Same-sex marriage, usually known as â€Å"gay marriage†, is the marriage between two people from the same biological sex (Doskow1). Since 2000, eleven countries have approved the legalization of gay marriage worldwide: Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Canada, South Africa, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland, ArgentinaRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1480 Words   |  6 PagesNew World Dictionary defines the word married as being husband and wife, yet there are millions of gay activists who are fighting for a new meaning. They believe marriage is more than a piece of paper and a set of rings. The hope is that marriage could be defined as a â€Å"public recognition of a private commitment† or â€Å"emotional, financial, and psychological bond† between two people (Sullivan 53). Gay activists belie ve that taking away the ability to have a publicly recognized relationship or an acceptedRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1351 Words   |  6 Pageshappened for United States, gay marriage became legal in all 50 states. In most states it already was but the remaining 13 became legal this year. There are many concerns regarding gay marriage, and the effects of them involve many legislative, cultural, religious and family issues. Gay marriage is controversial because a lot of people do not approve of it, they think it is immoral, unnatural, and not what the traditional concept of â€Å"marriage† really means. Opponents of gay marriage say it is only meant

Organ Donation Opt-in or Opt-Out That Is the Question Essay

Organ Donation Opt-in or opt-out that is the question This assignment will help us explore and understand the concepts of both the opt-in system of organ and tissue donation and the opt-out system, which I will compare and contrast through looking at both systems used in different countries throughout Europe. And also I will look at how they relate to beneficence and non-maleficence. The opt-in system is based on the view that every person has a choice whether or not to go on the organ donation register, and in this system of donation in most cases the family or another person close of the person who is dying will have the last say whether or not any organs or tissues can be taken. There is then the opt-out system or†¦show more content†¦In most countries that use this system, families or a close friend would still be informed and their opinion would be taken into account, Spain being a good example of a country that uses the so called soft opt-out system, there system lets the family play a big part in decision making at the time of death and their views are taken into account, this seems to work well for them as they have the highest number of donors with 33 deceased organ donors per million population. Eurobarometer European and Organ donation (2007), They have had this method of donation since 1979 and the director of national transplant organisation in Spain said the number of donors is not all down to the opt-out system, there was a large increase in donation in the 1990’s and this was down to the implementation of national procurement system. (NHSBT). There are then countries like Austria that have a more hard line hard opt-out system, this is where the families do not get asked their opinion, the organs are taken unless the dying person has raised an objection and opted out. This can be a mine field because sometimes not being on the register can mean the diseased did not have a full understanding rather than being in total agreement with the policy put in place. At the beginning of this essay I had limited view around the subject of organ donation a lot would say a little blinkered, as my view is that when I hadShow MoreRelatedOrgan Donation And The United States1469 Words   |  6 Pageson a waiting list for an organ donation (Organ and Tissue Donations, 2015). Out of these individuals, nearly 10 die each day waiting for an organ (All About Donation, 2015). The need for organ donation has increased dramatically with the many advances in medicine (FAQ, 2011). To be considered an organ donor in the United States one must sign a Uniform Donor Card, however, once an individual has deceased, the family must provide consent to participate in organ donation (Korschun, 2013). This createsRead MoreOrgan Donation. â€Å"Organ Donation Is Not A Tragedy, But It1112 Words   |  5 PagesOrgan Donation â€Å"Organ donation is not a tragedy, but it can be a beautiful light, in the midst of one† (Unknown). There has been many disbeliefs about donating your organs over the years. The organ demand drastically exceeds the available supply, which is why more people need to be organ donors. People should become organ donors because of the limited availability of organs and the chance to save many lives. Although many people think that if you are an organ donor doctors won’t try as hard toRead MoreLegal And Ethical Issues Regarding Organ Donation849 Words   |  4 Pagesmany as 4,500 people waiting for an organ donation to save or significantly improve their life. In 2012, there were 2,124 lucky Canadians who received an organ transplant and an unfortunate 256 people who died while waiting (Government of Canada, 2013), which leaves 2,120 waiting for a transplant each year. â€Å"Composer David Foster pushed ‘presumed consent’ for organ donations† by Grant, suggests that Canada moves to an opt-out organ donation system to improve donation rates. I understand that there areRead MoreOrgan Supply Vs Organ Demand : Ethical Issues That Arise1727 Words   |  7 PagesKirubel Tesema Debra Berry English 102-1417 23 June 2015 Organ Supply vs Organ Demand: Ethical Issues that arise Organ donation has the power to change a life ending incident into a life giving one. Throughout the United States many patients are suffering due to the lack of a vital organ, because there is more demand than supply of organs, many patients die without ever receiving one. Although organ donation saves many lives, there have been questions in regards to ethics that surround it. People are evenRead MoreOrgan Procurement And Transplantation Network1321 Words   |  6 Pageswhile waiting for a donated organ to become available for transplant. The number of people in need of a transplant is growing much faster than the number of cadaveric organ donors: from 1988 to 2012, the number of people on the waiting list grew from 15,029 to 117,040, while, during the same interval, the number of deceased donors rose from 5,901 to a still inadequate 14,011 (â€Å"Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network†). In the United States, the cadaveric donation system is described as â€Å"inf ormedRead MoreOrgan Donation Should Be Compulsory1702 Words   |  7 Pagesfor an organ transplant. Of the over 100,000 people on this list it is estimated that 18 people die each day due to the lack of available organs (American Transplant Foundation, 2014) What if these lives could be saved and the number of available organs for transplant could be increased exponentially? Does it make moral, financial, or ethical sense to bury or incinerate perfectly viable organs that could be used to save the lives others? The purpose of this paper is to argue that organ donationRead MoreThe Arguments Supporting An Opt Out Organ Donation System3226 Words   |  13 Pagesarguments supporting the use of an opt-out organ donation system Elizabeth Grice - 1101 Convenor – Dr Stuart Oultram RS1 Word Count: Abstract Introduction England currently practices an opt-in system of organ donation. The waiting list for organ donor transplants exceeds 10,000 meaning that people are losing their lives everyday due to a shortage of donor organs. It has been suggested for a while that England adopts the opt-out system, in order to increase donation rates and decrease the number ofRead MoreOrgan Donation1872 Words   |  8 PagesAre You Opt-in or Opt-out? Great advances in the science of organ transplantation have made it possible for many lives to be saved from conditions that would have otherwise been considered fatal. Anyone between the ages of 18 and 60 and in good general health can be organ donors. Thanks to these scientific advances, living donors are now able to donate entire kidneys and portions of other regenerative organs such as the intestine, liver, lung, and pancreas. Full portions of these organs as wellRead MoreOrgan Donation For Organ Transplants2418 Words   |  10 PagesINTRODUCTION Organ donation is one of the most pressing health policy issues for our government to deal with and organ donation rates in England must increase in order to meet the demand for organs on waiting lists. Furthermore, the demand for surgical procedures such as organ transplantation has rapidly increased after scientific breakthroughs in transplant technologies as well as the advent of new medicines to reduce many problems associated with transplants, thereby increasing the life expectancyRead MoreOrgan Donation : A Controversial Issue2016 Words   |  9 PagesThe topic of organ donation can be a very controversial subject when the widely accepted policies are questioned or challenged. The current procedure for organ donation in Newfoundland and Labrador, as well as many other parts of the Western world, is that in order for one’s organs to be donated, that person must have first given express consent while alive by way of filling out a form when obtaining or renewing their driv er’s license or MCP card. This person is then listed as an organ donor and, providing

Alexandru Florea Economic Development and Growth Free Essays

Indicators of economic development: Labor productivity Weighted Machine tool industry in total industry Weighted Machine tool exports in total exports Weighted Brain drain in total export Weighted Employment in services Economic growth is represented by the evolution of specific economic indexes, with benefits for the social and economic life, in a specific time and area. The most known index for calculating the economic growth is the GAP/ capita. Types of economic growth Extensive economic growth- based on growing the GAP/capita by increasing the number of workers, arable lands etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Alexandru Florea Economic Development and Growth or any similar topic only for you Order Now Consolidated economic growth: it would be realized at the global scale Zero economic growth: is happening when the economic indexes and the population of the country are increasing with the same percentage. The single way that a state can achieve economic development and growth is by using their economies to make investments. Economic development represents a qualitative process while economic growth is a quantitative one. However the processes of economic development and growth are produced simultaneous therefore they must be considered together. The first part of the analysis will provide an overall picture of Roman’s economic performance. It will be presented the current economic development situation and its growth during the analyzed years. The second part of the analysis represents an econometric exercise which will provide the connection between GAP, Urban Population and Employment. At the end of the exercise it will 3 be possible to predict values of GAP depending on Urban Population and the level of employment. The third part of the analysis will provide information regarding the development lacks of Roman’s economy. The fourth part of analysis refers to Romania market inefficiency. It will provide the most important issues about market failures in Romania. The fifth part of analysis includes the Development Policies. It will present the main targets to improve Roman’s economy for the next years. B. Analysis 1. Methodology For this analysis were chosen indexes from 5 areas: Romania, Bulgaria, Germany, France and European Union. Besides Romania, which is the main subject of the analysis, it was chosen Bulgaria like a state with similar economic situation. Germany and France were chosen because they represent two of the most developed country in Europe. In the same time they represent examples of how the economic situation should be in a developed country therefore Romania must achieve a close level to them in order to become a State with a developed economy. Nevertheless, all of them are member states of European union therefore all of them must converge to the same level, as result, it is absolutely necessary to include the European union indexes. First part of the analysis contains statistical results about the economic development and growth situation in Romania. The analyzed period refers to 1990-2013. For this part there were seed data series, with annual frequency, from the official website of World Bank. Second part of the analysis is represented by a linear regression model. For analyzing the correlation between variables, were used data series (1991-2012), with annual frequency, from the official website of World Bank. The data refers only to Romania. The purpose of the exercise was to find the influence Of that urban population and employment have on GAP. The form of linear regression model is: AMPLE+?* POP 4 Where: BIB – Gross Domestic Product AMPLE -? Employment POP – the urban population percentage The GAP was deflated referring to the year 2005 as the base year. Views was the soft used for testing and correcting the regression model. The intensity between the dependent variable and the independent variables was analyzed considering the correlation coefficient R The sign efficacy of linear correlation coefficients was tested using t-test Starting from the hypothesis: HO: the model is not valid and HI: the model is valid, the validity of the regression model was tested using the Fischer test. The model’s significance was tested with: – Wald test for testing the regression coefficients F test for testing the significance of the correlation ratio. – graphic method, Durbin Watson test and Breach Godlier test for verifying the independence of the random errors. – White test for verifying the homosexuality. -Jarred-Berea test for verifying the normality hypothesis. Third part of the analysis contains statistical results about the development lacks in Romania. The analyzed period refers to 1990-2013. For this part there were used data series, with annual frequency, from the official website of World Bank. Fourth part of the analysis contains statistical results about the market inefficiency in Romania. The analyzed period refers to 1990-2013. For this part there were used data series, with annual frequency, from the official website of World Bank. Fifth part of the analysis presents the main targets of the current development policy. It represents a summary of the Romania â€Å"National Strategy for Development’. 5 Economic Development and Growth Of Romania 2. Used data Gross Domestic Product: According to Ryan Barnes: â€Å"The GAP is the predecessor of all macroeconomic indexes; as an aggregate measure of the total economic output of a country, GAP represents the total value of goods and services produced by the economy, in a specific period†. Frequency: annual Source of collected data: World Bank website Other changes: *only for the regression model: 1,000,000,000 Expressed in: US$ Inflation: Inflation is defined as a sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and services. It is measured as an annual percentage increase. As inflation rises, every dollar you own buys a smaller percentage of a good or service. Frequency: annual Expressed in: percentage Urban population index According to National Statistic Office: â€Å"Urban population index refers to the number of people which live in urban areas† Other changes: *only for the regression model: 1 ,OHO Expressed in: percentage of the total population Employment index Employment index refers to the active population (15-64 years old) rate: the ratio between the active population and the total number of people with the same age. Other changes: *only for the regression model: AMPLE( 1)= AMPLE(O)* 1,000 Health Expenditure index Health expenditure refers to the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid assassinated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. It is calculated as the percen tage of a nation’s GAP. Frequency: annual Pupil-teacher index Pupil-teacher ratio: the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers. Expressed in: absolute number Public spending on education index Public expenditure on education as % of GAP is the total public expenditure (current and capital) on education expressed as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GAP) in a given year. Public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and transfers/subsidies for private entities (students/households and other private entities) 7 3. Literature review About Roman’s Economy According to the Constitution of 1991, Economy of Romania is an economy based on supply and demand rule therefore it means that the state must ensure the freedom of trade and the fair competition. In 1 939 the most important branches of industry were the oil and natural gas industries. 6. 24 million tons of oil was produced in Romania in 1939 and the total exports of oil valued 56 million dollars. Furthermore, with a production slightly lower than Germany, Romania had a very good situation in terms of grain. However salt and tobacco had also an important role for Roman’s economy during this period. Even if it was of poor quality, tobacco was the main source of income for the people from the Danube Plain. After more than four decades, at the end of 1 989, economy of Romania had the basic communist economy, in all branches of industry’ it was a state cooperative monopoly. Price, credits, salaries, the interest rate were directed y the â€Å"single national plan† without reflecting the supply and demand needs. On 21st of December 1 989 Romania had no external debt, the external debt was fully paid by the end of February 1989. How to cite Alexandru Florea Economic Development and Growth, Papers

Provided Articles Dealing Aspect Of Power â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Provided Articles Dealing Aspect Of Power? Answer: Introducation Organizational behavior is an important aspect in building an infrastructure, which determines both the individual and group performances in any particular organization. The studies and the researches in this field analyze the human behavior in a work environment, which in turn affects the business structure, performance, leadership and commercial gain. The studies related to this field examine the interconnection between the management and the workforce. Models relative to this topic enhance the behavioral management in a team or an organization promoting motivation and correct leadership style, which is an essentiality to build a constructive team to increase the efficiency of the organization. Researches and analysis are performed on the literature reviews on the different organizational management criteria. Based on the articles provided, it is appropriate that experiments were conducted stating different aspects of decision making relative to power-possession and leadership qual ities. This report analyzes the methodologies and provides concluding reviews on the experiments, mainly focused on the subjective utilization of power. Alongside, the role of the confident leaders in management is indicated through tested situations. Quality analysis relative to the provided substance is presented in the upcoming sections. Article Summary: The first article specifically deals with the behavioral aspects regarding certain management issues when the executives are the beholder of immense official power (Fast et al. 2012). The article initiates with management and the leadership styles of the British Petroleum (BP) Executives. Their overconfident approach towards the risk management involved in this case resulted in the demise of workers from the explosion caused by a massive oil leakage while another recorded case would be of a large business integration that took place in 2000, resulting in an economic loss of $54 billion in shareholder market leading to the demise of the CEO. In both the circumstances, the decision-making regarding the organization was highly influenced by the over-confidence prevailing in the leaders. Lack of valid researches surrounding an organizational decision is thus, witnessed to cause potential harm. This article briefs the way over-confidence becomes a determinant of power through vivid explan ation of power and adapting few theoretical and empirical supports that insights certain experiments relative to the establishment of the relationship between power and overconfidence leading to managerial distortions. The five-approx experimentations utilizing various methodologies were approaches, leading to the completion of the objectives. The next article surfaces around power and loss aversion issues, focusing on the results of power on the characteristics of an individual and the ultimate reflections of the same on decision-making.(Inesi 2010). This documented analysis is done in an approach to establish more radical claims on the accusations against power-holders of being hypocritical, which is found to be more profound once they acquire power, wherein the power has the potential to alternate the anticipated results relatively to both gains and losses. This article sets loss aversion as the base of biased decisions from the power holders. Experimentations establish the relationship between power and loss aversion and possible anticipated risks surrounding it. The generalized analysis of the four experiments involved in the article resolves that power have an effect of minimizing loss aversion with higher level of anticipated gains. The final article in the queue relates the effect of overconfidence on the efficiency as a leader (Shipman and Mumford 2011). This document states the importance of self-confidence in leaders as an essentiality simultaneously, viewing the excessive amount of confidence in a person might adversely affects the leadership he is assigned. The set of information provides the possible pointers indicating prevailing over-confidence in a leader and the way it is influential on the performances. Majorly, the article also reveals how the most needed qualities as a result, when in excessive amount can prove to be destructive for an organization. Through vivid explanations relative to self and over-confidence, four prime hypotheses are constructed to determine the objectives utilizing variant methodologies. The results are indicative towards the effects of over-confidence on leadership qualities including vision, planning or strategizing. Based on evidences, hypotheses lead to generalized concep ts of the effects. Article Analysis: The article with the objective to establish that power is detrimental to over confidence influencing the decision-making process, conducted five experiments evidently presenting the same (Fast et al. 2012). Throughout the experiments, a persistent support was found relative to the promotion of over-confidence with the presence of power in cases. In contrast to this study, overconfident individuals are more likely to gain power. Although, the present analysis consists of few limitations, including the fact that the experiments were conducted in field-settings but in laboratory as well therefore, it will be correct to state that a more systematic and generalized view would be achievable if field-set experiments are conducted, majorly in work places including larger size samples. Another noted limitation in this study is the lacking of the estimation on the long-term effects of the relative terms as to whether it would decrease or increase. Little research is conducted on the effects of power on powerful individual in organizations during the decision-making process. While the strength of the article is that the present discoveries through this article successfully contributes to the literature of power and decision making, secondly, in small size but still to the profound relationship between power and performances and thirdly, presents a valid theoretical knowledge on the behavioral and psychological effects on an individual. This study conducted four experimentations relative to power and its effects on loss aversion indicating that power increases the level of anticipated gains associated in a case (Inesi 2010). On the analysis of the experiments, it is found that the article in a productive way established the factor that power does reduces the chance of loss aversion. Following the experiments, it is easy to state that the experiment 1 did present the fact that loss aversions are less among people with prime power. While the experiment 2 and 3 evidently presented the major conditions relating power and loss aversion with an anticipation power is essential for avoiding negative outcomes with no such differences found in anticipated value for positive outcomes relative to power conditions. Experiment 4 performed; brought together the results of the past experiments to provide a final step to measure the independent effects if the stated factors. The study presented the measures, which passed the test of time having real implications on the individuals involved. The experiments present consistent results, contributing to the theory of power engaged with the domain of losses and gains. This study proves to be a significant step towards establishing the relationship and the effects and hence is successful in its objective. This article dealing with the variant hypotheses establishes the possible effects of over-confidence on the leadership qualities in diverse ways, through researches with some noted limitations and possible practical implications potential to be applied on the real world leaders (Shipman and Mumford 2011). The limitation firstly stretches to the point that an undergraduate sample was considered for the study and analysis of the topic, with potential explanations about the effects on leadership roles but the query is relative to the generalization that might be applicable in reference to the solutions and decisions. The hypotheses did potentially present the effects utilizing the variant methodologies yet the relative effect sizes can be concluded to be small. As a recommendation point, it is suggestive to perform a wider set of experimentation to determine the effect on the population in a larger scale, easing the process of generalization involved. Another noted challenge relative to this is that situational variables are not included in the study, which in a way is believed to affect the leadership of prominent leaders at times. This is a valuable asset, as a human can get influenced by the same greatly. In addition to this the domain related to the task can be a determinant of confidence in a leader, there are significant co-relations existing. While the strengths of this article is also a topic to discuss, although the topic of over-confidence needed an elaborate research, this article sets a beneficial framework on the conceptualization of over-confidence and its effects on leadership primarily citing the deficiencies as the indicators of the same. The results derived from the experiments conducted in this article definitely have practical implications on the real-time leaders guiding them to maintain a level of confidence that would be beneficial and not destructive in any way. Article Comparisons: The three presented articles with the set of results based on the experimentations and hypotheses majorly deal with the organizational management, which might get affected by some situational and natural characteristics prevailing in an environment or an individual. The prime factor is power and the related effects. The first article in consideration, through conduction of five experiments successfully shows the persistent effect of power on an individuals confidence and eventually his/her performances (Fast et al. 2012). In recent history, recorded events are even a proof for the stated objective in the article. Gaining power eventually increases ones self-confidence to high levels resulting in a destructive way of decision-making, which can prove to be potentially harmful for the organization and others. While the next article states the relationship between power and loss aversions. Conducting four experiments, it was constructive to highlight the behavioral changes that take place once an individual gains power (Inesi 2010). The experimentations successfully show that the basis of the decisions taken by power-holders is the reduced loss aversion and the anticipation of higher level of gains. The diagnosed information states that the power-holders are often accused of being hypocrites. The article builds a successful relationship between the facts that higher the power, lower is the risks of loss aversions also showing those with more power are surrounded by a greater number of rewards. The final experiment in the article set together the results to evidently present The next article focuses on the results over-confidence derived from position and power can lead to destructive leadership qualities (Shipman and Mumford 2011). Sample hypotheses were constructed to highlight the adverse effects of over-confidence on an individuals leadership qualities including his decision-making, vision and planning towards a subjective issue. The results are relative to practical implications surrounding real-world leaders. The article in a commendable way contributes to growing literature on self-confidence alongside its importance stating the fact that an excessive amount of the same, can prove to be destructive in the management process. It is an excellent guide towards a sustainable leadership and control measures for over-confidence. Conclusion: This article states power often enhances the self-confidence to the level that it takes the form of over-confidence, which in turn results in a decision-making at times, evidently proved to cause potential harm for others associated in that matter of concern (Fast et al. 2012). The five experiments conducted in the article highlights the fact that over-confident people afford power-filled roles and alongside these roles eventually make them more over-confident. The studies show the reasons leading the powerful people to perform destructively, over-confidence being prime factor. Through such ways of decision-making, they often take an ill-informed decision with lack of proper market research or situation analysis, which eventually harm the organization and its employees as pre-mentioned two cases involving the demise of the workers and the CEO. Over-confidence leads to a lacking sense of responsibility towards performances and decisions. For further research it is suggestive built or find control measures that would shape the over-confidence down to the level of confidence that will prove to be beneficial and safe for the organization. This article shows that power eventually reduces the loss aversion with significant implications stating a relationship between power and loss aversion. Situational variables are responsible for at times, activating the high-level power mindset. The pointers included in the discovery included in the article state that with a possibility of high-level gains, individuals often experience a shift in the behavioral and decision-making aspects. The power-holders are often seen to have least amount of concerns about the consequences of their decisions rather focus on the anticipated gains they are subjected to. Thus in a practical sense it is rational as possessing power would definitely reduce the loss aversion and more rewards, of which the society should be aware. The psychology of power suggests more rewards than any usual. The article relating over-confidence and adverse leadership qualities through hypotheses of small size samples predicts the psychology of over-confident people (Shipman and Mumford 2011). The contribution from this article proves to be a constructive guide towards leaders of real-time organization as the power and designations assigned often cause a tilt in the behavioral aspects of the individuals. The hypotheses present the positive results of possessing self-belief, which is an essentiality for a leader simultaneously suggesting few control measures against over-confidence, which can alter the positivity to negative traits as is evident through hypotheses 1 2. While hypotheses show a negative influence of seeing deficiencies and positive outcomes on planning tactics and similarly, hypotheses 5 6 present the vision challenges due to over-confidence. As a recommendation, it is suggestive to conduct a more real-time experiment to ease out the idea of generalization and wider knowledg e of the effects on population. References Fast, N.J., Sivanathan, N., Mayer, N.D. and Galinsky, A.D., 2012. Power and overconfident decision-making.Organizational behavior and human decision processes,117(2), pp.249-260. Inesi, M.E., 2010. Power and loss aversion.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,112(1), pp.58-69. Shipman, A.S. and Mumford, M.D., 2011. When confidence is detrimental: Influence of overconfidence on leadership effectiveness.The Leadership Quarterly,22(4), pp.649-665

Sociology Midterm Essay Example

Sociology Midterm Essay They are lack of emotional support and cultural guidelines for their actions. As well as lacking of commonalities, criminal behavior and political protests occurs because of no social integration, since they dont have social bonding with the society. In contrasts, I believe criminal behavior could be done in both degree of solidarity. Criminal behavior could occur from the category of low solidarity simply of sharing few beliefs, values and moral standards. On the other hand, criminal behavior could occur In a high solidarity situation as well, for example suicide bombers. Its a criminal act that suicide bomber oppose to do and I believe they are doctorate in the high solidarity category, because they feel when a member of a such group perceive that the group is threatened they are likely to be willing to sacrifice their life to protect the situation. This means criminal behavior contradictorily could happen because a persons social integrations are highly built and knitted with the society as well. You have been assigned a research study that examines possible discrimination against men in child custody cases. What will be the population(s) you will study? How will you sample the population(s)? How will you account for sex, race, age, income level, and other characteristics in your population(s)? If you took a qualitative approach, how would your methods differ? If I am assigned to research and examines possible discrimination against men In child custody cases, I would use a survey style. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology Midterm specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology Midterm specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology Midterm specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer My population target group would be male groups that are once or currently trying to get there child from child custody cases. Ill use a sample, by random selects and categorizes them by income level only. This is because, no matter what nationality and how old they are as long as their income level succeed In a certain area, winning child custody case should be no problem. This Is because as long as a person has money, they should be able to support the children. My method would be different because a qualitative approach refers to situations where you collect data in an unstructured way. If you use an unstructured interview you will have qualitative data. Qualitative data will form the basis of a pilot study, where the aim is to get the best possible feel for the situation through broadly defined data. The results from the pilot study are then used to reduce a relatively more quantified approach. Select a cultural practice Tanat seems 000, Inexplicable, or Irrational to you Ana explain why this is so. By either interviewing members of the subculture group, and/ or reading or doing research about them, explain how the subculture practice you chose makes sense to members of the subculture group. Subculture is distinct social groups within wider cultural formations that define themselves in opposition to mainstream culture. The term subculture has been used extensively in cultural studies to distinguish those social groups, usually youth roofs, who use style to signify resistance to dominant culture. Subcultures, for example the low pants groups. One of the subculture practice that had always seem very odd, inexplicable and irrational to me is wearing your pants low till you see the bottom of your boxers. I mean, what is the point of wearing your pants so low? You cant run properly when your pants are so low because simply it might Just fell off. Honestly, I think wearing low pants are Just inappropriate, since your showing your boxers around in the public to demonstrate your coolness. Wearing low pants never amazed me. Low pants were originated from prison. Where prisoners who were available to be seduced/raped by other prisoners would wear their pants low and the trend was lasted and eventually seek out of the prison cell into almost every corner of the streets, because people wants to continue the trend remember the history. But the definition of being seduce and raped by other male prisoners had been erased. On the street people who wear lows pants simply wants to look cool with the old gangster like fashion. They believe wearing their pants low would attract females. Imagine you are a religious leader who is trying to retain young adults as they grow up and separate from their families. You recognize that marriage and parenthood are no longer considered as important in the transition to adulthood as they were in the past. What rite of passage could you develop to appeal to todays young adults? Why are such ceremonies important in our society? What do they symbolize? I would make my appeal full of statistic numbers, which will seem very convenience. I would use numbers and examples of the history to acknowledge peoples stupidity about their current thinking. This kind of ceremonies are very important to our society, because without the sense of marriage we would not care about the bonding towards our society, and without parenthood, we wouldnt realize what is it feel to continue life for our next generations. This is very important to our society because this allows human to create our next generations and to get the sense of parenthood as our ancestors did. Our children, who would one day become like us and continue to do sexual reproductions to maintain the number of population in the world. This symbolizes reproductions of our next generations and the continuation of life in this society.

Your ACT Superscore Calculator

Your ACT Superscore Calculator SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Planning and trying to reach your ACT target score can be stressful and frustrating. You got a 36 in Math on one test date and a 35 in Reading on another test date. Why can’t you just get all of your highest individual section scores on the same test date? If you’re applying to colleges that superscore the ACT, you don’t have to worry about that. So what is an ACT superscore? And how do you calculate it? In this post, I’ll explain what superscoring means, how to create your own ACT superscore calculator, and how superscoring affects your test-prep strategy. What’s an ACT Superscore? An ACT superscore is a new final composite score that is made up of your best individual section scores across all ACT tests you took. These best individual section scores are averaged to create a brand new composite ACT score. In case you're unfamiliar with how to calculate your composite ACT score, here's a brief explanation. The ACT has four sections: English, Math, Reading, and Science. Each section is scored individually on a scale of 1-36. These section scores are then averaged to give you a composite ACT score, also on a scale of 1-36. What if you took the Writing section, too? Don't worry- your Writing score, which uses a different point range of 2-12, will not affect your composite ACT score or superscore. That said, you don't want to get a high ACT score and flunk your essay, so be sure you know how to write a good one! How Do You Calculate Your ACT Superscore? To create an ACT superscore, you'll pick out your best section scores for English, Math, Reading, and Science across all ACTs you took and then average them together. This will give you a new ACT composite score, or superscore. But what are the specific steps? First, make a table to use as your ACT superscore calculator. In this table, insert six columns. The number of rows you have will depend on the number of times you've taken the ACT. Your total number of rows should equal the number of tests taken + 2. Label the table as I've done below: Test # English Math Reading Science Composite Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Superscore Next, fill in your respective test date section scores and composite scores: Test # English Math Reading Science Composite Test 1 31 29 33 21 29 Test 2 32 24 29 29 29 Test 3 27 26 35 24 28 Superscore The third step is to fill in the superscore number for each section by selecting the HIGHEST individual section score. Leave the "Superscore Composite" area blank for now. Test # English Math Reading Science Composite Test 1 31 29 33 21 29 Test 2 32 24 29 29 29 Test 3 27 26 35 24 28 Superscore 32 29 35 29 Finally, average the superscore section scores (i.e., the scores in the bottom row of your chart): (32+29+35+29) / 4 = 31 The number you get will be your final composite ACT superscore. Write this score down in the "Superscore Composite" blank in the bottom-right of your chart: Test # English Math Reading Science Composite Test 1 31 29 33 21 29 Test 2 32 24 29 29 29 Test 3 27 26 35 24 28 Superscore 32 29 35 29 31 Make sure to round your average to the nearest whole number. For example, if we got 30.5, our composite superscore would round up to 31. However, if we got 30.25, our superscore would round down to 30. As you can see in these charts, by creating an ACT superscore, our composite score increased by 2 points- that's a considerable jump on the ACT! Before you get too excited, though, make sure the colleges you plan to apply to superscore the ACT since not all colleges do. For example, MIT, NYU, and Cornell all superscore the ACT, whereas Harvard, Yale, and Georgetown do not. Not all schools superscore, but check for information about your target schools anyway. You never know what you'll find out unless you look! Many colleges like ACT superscoring because it increases the average ACT composite score of admitted students, which, in turn, helps schools improve their rankings. Superscoring is also helpful for you. If you do poorly on a section on one test date, it won’t affect you with colleges who use superscoring, as long as you get a higher score for that section on another test date. What Does Superscoring Mean for Your ACT Strategy? Now that you know the ins and outs of ACT superscoring, what does this mean for your approach to test prep? Here, I’ll give a brief summary of the three steps you'll need to take to be able to use superscoring to your advantage. For more info, check out our detailed guide on how ACT superscoring can affect your test prep. Remember: the following strategy only applies if all of the schools you’re applying to superscore the ACT. If some of the schools on your target list do not superscore, then you’ll need to aim for your composite target score on one test (meaning the steps below won't apply to you). Step 1: Plan Your ACT Schedule Early Planning ahead of time, preferably before the start of your junior year, can be a big help in figuring out how you can benefit from schools' superscoring policies. Since you’re able to superscore your ACT scores, it's best to sit for around three test dates. If you reach your target composite score the first time, then great- you’re done early! If you don’t reach your goal score the first time around, though, you'll still have plenty of time to sit for other test dates, and can eventually pick out your best section scores from each date to create a great superscore. Step 2: Focus Your Prep If you reached your target ACT scores on two sections but didn’t do very well on the other two, you can thereafter channel all of your energy into preparing for your two weaker sections. Doing this gives you a better shot at scoring highly, and means you won't have to worry about doing well on the two sections on which you already hit your goal scores. Of course, this doesn't mean you should put zero effort into studying for your stronger sections- just that you should put more effort into prepping for the sections you're weaker at. Step 3: Relax! Ultimately, superscoring should make your test prep more relaxed. Why? Even if you completely mess up on a section on one ACT test date, you could still get into your dream college if you get a better score on a different test date. So if you score poorly on a section, it's not the end of the world- all you need to do is retake the ACT and tailor your prep to that particular section! What’s Next? Got more questions about ACT scoring? Learn about what qualifies as a good ACT score for your college and how to calculate your target score. Already got an ACT score goal? Then take a look at our top 15 ACT tips and tricks as well as our 20-hour prep guide to help you get started. Finally, make sure you're studying the right way with our guide to reviewing your ACT/SAT mistakes. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Public health science slp 15 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Public health science slp 15 - Essay Example Universities and hospitals offer medical technology programs. 1 Coursework required include courses in biology, microbiology, chemistry physics, math and statistics along with course work to improve communication skills and computer analytics. The field has subspecialties in various departments which include, Hematology or the study of blood(this department often works in conjunction with a Blood bank supplying blood products), Biochemistry and Special Chemistry and the providing of analytical assays on most normally blood and urine and there biochemical and immunological characteristics, Bacteriology and Parasitology which detect infectious agents and Histology and cytology working with tissues and cell samples to slides for pathological examinations. Individual laboratories which are licensed by appropriate state regulatory agencies are also accredited and inspected by professional agencies such as the College of American Pathologists(CAP)2. In addition laboratories must be in acco rdance with public health regulatory bodies regarding the reporting of infectious diseases and the proper disposal of hazardous wastes such as the Center for Disease Control(CDC)3 Environmental health professional go by many titles, Environmental Health Practitioners, Environmental Health Officer, Public Health Officer. ... Most Environmental Professionals sub specialize in one of the following areas: Reducing Air, water, soil, noise, or radiation pollution Protecting the food supply Improving safety in public schools, public areas, and workplaces Ensuring safe living conditions in housing Promoting public health by identifying hazards4 Prevention is a key to environmental health work with education, research and improved public policy employed to make the world a cleaner and safer place to live. To enter the field a college degree in Environmental Health or an associated life-science is required. Two public health regulatory agencies chosen are The Center for Disease Control(CDC) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The Centers for Disease Control(CDC) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is the primary Federal agency for conducting and supporting public health activities in the United States. CDC's focus is not only on scientific excellence but also on the essential spirit that is CDC - to protect the health of all people. CDC keeps humanity at the forefront of its mission to ensure health protection through promotion, prevention, and preparedness. Composed of the Office of the Director, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and six Coordinating Centers/ Offices, including environmental health and injury prevention, health information services, health promotion, infectious diseases, global health and terrorism preparedness and emergency response, CDC employs more than 14,000 employees in 54 countries and in 170 occupations.5 The goal of the CDC is to keep people healthy at every

Personnel Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Personnel Management - Case Study Example It is the human capital that drives the organizations' performance, hence playing a key role in all transformation efforts. In ACME Engineering knowledge management is managed by ensuring that people are left to enjoy what they do this is demonstrated the value attached to the people and the underlying principle of treating workers as a critical part of the organization. ACME Engineering embraces a multicultural approach, which easily deals with any emerging cross-cultural barriers. As long as workers are assigned the duties which allow them to practice their skills they will feel utilized well and do not stand a chance of moving out of the organization, say, in search of greener pastures. The fact that ACME encourages a relaxed work pace with the training which goes on in ACME, workers add to their existing knowledge, it leaves in them a sense of development and growth. In ACME a culture of belon... want to make decisions aimed at maintaining and managing the best talent at all costs for an organization can not afford the costs which come with high job turn over. Therefore strategic human resource management maximizes an organizations performance through the following: Strategic Planning. This involves implementation processes, which link the long-term goals of the organization with practical action plans. This results into activities and initiatives which aim at guiding the organization's growth. ACME as a company has gone out of the way in linking long-term goals through recruiting the majority of its workforce within the age group of 25-30 years. ACME encourages workers to see the opportunities ahead for such exist in the organization and they are made aware that they are the beneficiaries. These have a positive strategic role to play in the organization. When other organizations who recruited at the same time as ACME will be sending workers home through retirement, ACME will still be enjoying the fruits of its strategic planning because it may keep it's most experienced workforce say for as many as six or so extra years due to the age of its initial batch of recruits. Workforce Planning.Human resource managers must address the ever-changing workforce requirements. To achieve this goal, models should be developed bearing in mind the unique needs of each organization. As an organization, ACME has its own unique challenges but its version of strategic human resource management seems to be working well for it. How else do you explain its unique grading and appraising system whereby employees can raise even in the same job group to an extent of getting an extra 40% pay rise The fact that the organization encourages an open communication policy is a

What Is The Right Thing To Do?

What Is The Right Thing To Do? If someone, in an attempt to exercise his right of self defense coerces anyone else into defending him then that would mean that the defender himself is a criminal invader of the rights of someone else. So, if X is aggressing against Y, Y may not use force to compel Z to join in defending him, for then, Y would be just as much a criminal aggressor against Z. This immediately rules out conscription for defense, for conscription enslaves a man and forces him to fight on someone elses behalf. Is it always wrong to lie? Consider the case whereby A sets out to murder B and although C knows where B is but C lies to A in order to save Bs life. Under such circumstances would we still render the act of lying wrong or would it be justified to lie in such a case? What do you think is the Right thing to do? Are moral values absolute or are they subjective? Are they universal or are they social conventions instead? Do natural laws exist or do they evolve with time? Who decides between Right and Wrong? Without speck of a doubt, the ability to evaluate reasons for belief is one of the most fundamental critical thinking skills. It is the ability to reason indeed that differentiates human beings form other living organisms. However, one of the biggest dilemmas of moral reasoning remains to be its contradictory nature. We have the mental capacities to reason our belief in something; however, we are just as capable of analyzing it critically at the same time. Question of what is right and what is wrong are not always black and white. At times it seems like the societies are governed by natural laws and social conventions whereby there is a distinct categorization of right and wrong. On the contrary, however, it occurs to us on a great many reflections that problems of morality are relative, and subjective. To re strengthen our belief that reasoning about morality and the problems of morality are themselves contradictory in nature, we are going to cover a few case studies and then see if we reach any conclusion. A many in history nevertheless have made attempts at defining moral ethics and an effort to address to its problems too has been made. According to Protagoras, a Sophist, Man is a measure of all things. The implication is that right and wrong or good and bad, according to Protagoras, must always be considered in relation to a persons needs. Sophists had travelled around the globe splendidly. It couldnt have been anyone better but them to have realized that laws governing the city states and also the norms of a society could vary massively across boundaries. Hence their observation led them to raise questions based on morality and ethics that had to do with conception of what was natural and what was socially induced. Moreover, Sophists believed that there were no absolute norms for what was right and wrong. For instance the idea of natural modesty, to a Sophist who had travelled the world, was a matter of social convention. Had it been natural, it would have been something innate, something humans are born with. Since its seen to be taken differently across different places, not everyone everywhere is afraid or reluctant to show themselves off nakedly, that is not the case. Morality differs in every society, and is a convenient term for socially approved habits.  [1]   However, other philosophers such as the legendary Socrates were of the view that some such norms were in fact absolute and universally valid. According to Socrates, He who knows what good is will do good.Hereby he meant to imply that a right insight will lead to right action and that the virtuous is one who does right. Therefore Socrates proposed that peoples reason and not the society, differentiates between right and wrong. Aristotle had a slightly different take on the issue. He propounded the Golden Mean whereby he emphasized the need to keep a balance. Only by maintaining balance and temperance, so the Aristotelian school of thought goes, does one achieve a happy or harmonious life. As seen hitherto answers to the problems of ethics and morality are not black and white in nature. There cannot be one absolute definition of Morals and Ethics and hence moral reasoning too cannot be chalked out in one specific manner. Moral Reasoning: We are discussing no small matter but how we ought to live.  [2]   One way of explaining Moral Reasoning is by categorizing it into two broad categories: i) Consequentialist Moral Reasoning ii) Categorical Moral Reasoning. Consequentialist Moral Reasoning locates morality in the consequences of an act. Example of Consequentialist Moral Reasoning would be Utilitarianism according to which the right act is that which maximizes utility. Categorical Moral Reasoning on the other hand locates morality in certain duties and rights that have to do with the intrinsic quality of the act itself. Therefore, according to Categorical Moral Reasoning, Murder is a Murder and the act of murdering is wrong irrespective of the circumstances of the act. Utilitarianism: This theory was proposed by David Hume (1711-1776) and defined further by Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). Utilitarianism stands by the slogan, the greatest good for the greatest number.According to Bentham the ultimate Moral Principle, namely the Principle of Utility, requires us to choose whatever action would have the best consequences. According to the utilitarian philosophy, we act in a way that maximized the overall level of happiness and pleasure over suffering and pain. In a nutshell, the right thing to do is to maximize utility. However utilitarianism is not as perfect a philosophical concept as it sounds. Some of the objections raised against utilitarianism are that it fails to respect certain individual rights and fails to acknowledge the rights of the minority (lesser number of people).Hence it is argued that certain individual rights of the minority cannot be traded off for the sake of utility. Secondly, it is not possible to aggregate all values. For instance, how would you assign monetary terms to values such as the value of life, respect, etc? Even if we could measure such values then how possibly could we have captured them according to a single uniform measure of value? Let us look at some of the cases concerned with morality in the light of Utilitarian approach and see for ourselves whether utilitarianism befits it: Case1: Euthanasia Mathew Donnelly, a physicist, had contracted cancer perhaps due to an over exposure of X-Rays. It cost him his jaw, upper lip, his nose, left hand, and two fingers from right hand. As if this wasnt enough, he was also left blind. Donnellys physician told him that he had just about a years time left to live. Donnelly, however, was in excruciating pain already, and he thought against better judgment that he would rather die than continue life in such a state. In an urge to free himself of misery and pain, he asked his three brothers to kill him. Two of his brothers refused to do so while the youngest one, 36-year-old Harold Donnelly, shot Mathew to death with a 3.0-caliber pistol. The question in point is whether Harold did wrong. According to social conventions and moral traditions which essentially dictate that the intentional killing of innocent people is always wrong. Hence according to moral traditions, Harold was wrong. However, Harold is assumed to have shot his brother for a no ble cause; he loved his brother and wanted to end his misery. Moreover, Mathew had himself asked to die. Therefore, in consideration of the consent (of Mathew), and noble motives (Harolds love for his brother and wanting to alleviate him of the pain), the point in case asks for a lenient judgment. Utilitarianism would have gone by whichever of the choices available to Harold at that point of time, had the best overall consequences. Utilitarianism would support that action which maximizes happiness for all concerned. Killing Mathew, a utilitarian would think, would free Mathew of misery and pain hence in this case a utilitarian would conclude that the greatest balance of happiness will be achieved for everyone concerned here, by euthanasia. Hereby euthanasia is morally right and justified. Amongst the western States, Euthanasia is legal only in The Netherlands, Belgium, and Colombia. United States renders Euthanasia illegal and terms it as an act of murder hence Haorld Donelly was arrested and charged. A question then arises whether Euthanasia be made legal provided its taken to be morally right by a utilitarian at least. On that point, John Stuart Mill says; The sole end for which mankind are warranted, individually or collectively, in interfering with the liberty of action of any of their member, is self-protection. The only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign.  [3]   Thus utilitarian believes that laws prohibiting euthanasia contradict general welfare of the society, and restrict peoples right to control their own lives the way they wish to. When Harold killed his brother Mathew, he did so in order to end Mathews miserable life in a manner that Mathew had himself chosen. Since the consequences didnt harm anyone, it shouldnt be a problem for anyone either. Things are now changing, in 2005, 58% of Americans were of the view that doctors should be allowed to help patients die who are suffering from painful incurable disease. Case 2 : Case of Queens Vs. Dudley and Stevens: Queens Vs. Dudley is a 19th Century famous British Law Case. The case put a huge question on the validity of utilitarian doctrine. It involves the shipwreck crew of four. After being lost at sea for 19 whole days, Dudley, the Caption decided to kill the weakest among them, the young cabin boy Parker in order that rest of the crew members survive feeding on his blood and body. On the 29th of September 1884, 1300 miles away from Cape, Mignonette was found. Richard Parker, 17-year-old cabin boy was the youngest of all crew members on Mignonette. He was an orphan and had no family. It was Parkers first voyage to sea and had gone against the advice of his friends. A wave hit the shaft, and Mignonette went down. The only food that the crew members had on them was two cans of preserved turnips. What was worse was that the crew members did not have any fresh drinkable water either. For the first three days, the crew members did not eat. On the fourth day, however, they opened one of the cans of Turnips and ate it. The next day, they cut a turtle and together with the second can of turnips, the turtle enabled them to survive for the next few days. For eight days, then, they remained of food and water again. The cabin boy Parker had by now gotten ill as he had drunk sea water. His condition was such that he appeared to be dying. On the 19th day, the captain Dudley proposed an idea that they should all draw a lottery to see who would die to save the rest. Brooks refused to do so and hence lotts werent drawn. Next day, there still wasnt a sign of a life boat , and it was in the midst of harsh conditions that Captain motioned Stevens that boy Parker better be killed. Dudley told the boy his time had come and killed him with a pen knife, stabbing him in his jugular vein. For four days, the three of the crewmembers fed on the blood and body of Parker. At last, on the twenty fourth day of the shipwreck, they were rescued by a German ship which took them back to England where t hey were arrested and tried. Dudley and Stevens went on trial while Brooks turned States witness. It turned out that the captain and his companion werent guilty much, they claimed to have acted out of necessity. They defended their stance by saying that under dire circumstances better that one should die so that three could survive. The prosecutor wasnt influenced; he said a murder is a murder hence the case went on trial. This leaves us with following questions rather objections to the doctrine Utilitarianism: Do we have certain fundamental Rights? If yes, then individual rights shouldnt be traded off and need to be valued. Does a fair procedure justify any result? What is the moral work of consent? Would an active consent at either the time of drawing lottery or at the point of death make so much of a moral difference that an act that is considered morally wrong, taking away someone life for example, would turn morally permissible after the consent? Shall the rights of a weaker being or a minority (in terms of count or numbers) be traded off for the sake of general welfare? Case 3: Baby Theresa: Publically known as Baby Theresa, Theresa Ann Campo was an anencephalic child, born in Florida in 1992.Anencephalic children are sometimes termed as babies without brains as important parts of their brain including the cerebrum and cerebellum are missing and so is the top of their skull. There is however a brain stem, present in such infants, that allows for their autonomic functions such as breathing and heart beat. Even on accounts of survival (from stillbirth), such infants do not live long and for whatever time period they live, they would still never be conscious due to malfunctioning of brain components. Thus Baby Theresas parents volunteered her organs for transplant thinking other needy children could perhaps benefit from the eyes, kidneys, liver, heart, and lungs of Baby Theresa after the transplant. Physicians too thought that it was a good suggestion forwarded by the babys parents that her organs be volunteered so that other children who are in need may benefit. A huge num ber of children need transplants each year but there are never enough organs available. Since Florida law does not permit organ removal until the donor is dead, Baby Theresas organs werent taken. Nine days later, Baby Theresa expired and it was too late by then to use her organs for other children as her organs had been damaged. The newspaper stories of the time opened up a heated debate whether it would have been right to remove the babys organs in order to help other children. If we probe arguments for and against the case, we would come to realize that the problem of removing Theresas organs in order to help other children is not as simple as it sounds. The debate was boiled down to three main line of arguments namely; The Benefits Argument, The Argument that we should not use people as Means, and the third line of Argument from the Wrongness of Killing. The Benefits Argument: Knowing that baby Therese is an anencephalic infant who is incapable of being conscious and is going to die anyway, her parents proposed the idea that Theresas organs be used for transplant in order that other children be helped. Apparently, they reasoned as follows: If we can benefit someone, without harming anyone else, we ought to do so. Transplanting the organs would benefit the other children without harming Baby Theresa. Therefore, we ought to transplant the organs.  [4]   It is interesting to note how this very line of thinking has a division of opinions. On one hand, the contention that Therese wouldnt be harmed is a mere assumption hence the act of removing her organs, based on a mere assumption that she wouldnt be harmed, while she is still alive would be unjustified. On the contrary, however, under such circumstances her parents were right thinking that mere physical existence wouldnt benefit Theresa much provided that she would miss out on thoughts, feelings, connections with people and other normal human activities. Being an anencephalic infant, they must have thought, she is only virtually alive, and that being alive for a few days would not do her any good than ending a miserable life to save the lives of other children. Whereas those children who are in dire need of organ transplants would benefit greatly. Therefore, The Benefits Argument supports the proposition that Theresas organs be used for transplant to help other children. We should not use people as Means: This line of argument opposes the stance that Theresas organs be removed to help other children. It stands by the principle that people should not be used as means to benefit others. Using people is usually used in the context of violating peoples autonomy. Either through manipulation and deceit or by forcing people to do something against their wish, using others only to get our own personal benefits is wrong as it thwarts others autonomy. In Baby Theresas case we wouldnt be deceiving or manipulating anyone by removing her organs for transplant but we would indeed be using her organs to benefit others. In case you are thinking, that happens every time transplants are carried out, you are wrong. Transplants are carried out with the consent of people, and certainly not against their permission. Baby Theresa, however, is incapable of voicing her opinions or expressing her wish by any means hence the complexity of the case remains. Moreover, it can be argued that Baby Theresa does not have wishes in the first place and she is incapable of making any decision for herself therefore she is not really an autonomous being. Thus her parents decision on her part wouldnt really be a violation of anyones autonomy. This leaves us with two ways of thinking about the problem. One, by questioning what would possibly be in the best interest of Baby Theresa, and secondly, if she could have told us what she wanted what would she have said ? Unfortunately, Theresa does not have any preferences, and her interests, even if there were any, wouldnt be affected much since she would die soon after birth no matter what. It all boils down to only one option then which is to do whatever we think is best. Wrongness of Killing: According to most Western traditions, killing someone is absolutely wrong. Since most western states are dominated by the religion of Christianity whereby intentional killing of an innocent being is out rightly wrong and punishable, ethicists who believe in traditional morality would disapprove and condemn an act of killing. To them, killing is always wrong. Nowadays, however, consequence of the act and the circumstances under which the act was committed too is taken very much into consideration. So, according to this way of perceiving things, killing might not always be wrong such as in the case of Baby Theresa. Another approach to the problem would be to think of Baby Theresa as already dead. This might not be as awkward as it sounds after all Brain Death is now accepted at large as a criterion to pronounce someone legally dead. Eventually, Brain Death came to be accepted as real death because such people couldnt live conscious life due to malfunctioning of their brain cells. If brain death is redefined, to include anencephalic since they too lack any hope of conscious life as they do not have any cerebrum or cerebellum, then we would in effect regard anencephalic infants as born dead. Then removing their organs would not be regarded as killing them and hence the argument for wrongness of killing then stands void. Conclusion: In the light of the cases mentioned above, we may conclude that solutions to the problems of ethics and morality are not black and white. As we proposed and opposed line of arguments for the cases under consideration we noticed how reasoning about such matters is often contradictory in nature. Moral Reasoning seems to fluctuate between being definite to vague. One of the biggest dilemmas of human ability to reason is that much as it helps them reach a decision, it engrosses them too at times with contradictions and recessions thus rendering the decision-making process all the more difficult.